Research background: In recent years, debt financing has gained popularity as companies seek additional resources to fund their expansion and investment initiatives. Monitoring corporate indebtedness is related to corporate debt, which is a crucial aspect of assessing the overall financial health of the enterprise and will occur if an enterprise does not have enough equity. Rising indebtedness can be a difficult financial situation for enterprises in the form of default and an inability to meet their emerging liabilities. Purpose of the article: Given that the composition of a firm's debt structure holds substantial importance when assessing the financial performance of businesses varying in size, the primary objective of this paper is to perform a comprehensive debt analysis on enterprises operating within the Visegrad Group countries. Subsequently, the authors will explore whether the enterprise's size exerts an influence on the utilization of short-term and long-term debt. Methods: The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine if there were any significant variations in the monitored indebtedness ratios based on firm size. Findings & Value added: Since there are differences in indebtedness indicators due to firm size, post hoc analysis results indicated that in Visegrad Group countries, the debt structure of small enterprises is significantly different not only from medium-sized but also from large and very large enterprises. Based on the results, the existence of differences between small and very large enterprises can be pointed out. Since some firm-specific features may be considered proxies for default probability, comprehending the effect of particular determinants on the corporate debt structure is crucial since it simplifies the decision-making process of creditors and stakeholders.