A bacterium of genus Brucella causes brucellosis disease most commonly in domestic and wild animals. It is also called Mediterranean fever because it occurs most often in the Mediterranean countries. The route of transmission is conect with an infected animal and its products trough damaged skin, the consumption of contaminated food or inhalation of aerosols. The disease can occur in both sexes but most often affects men between the agea of 20-40. Brucellosis is a zoonosis, as an occupational disease most commonly occurs in butchers, livestock farmers and slaughterhouse workers.The disease has a long incubation period of up to 60 days and can manifest as acute, subacute and chronic infection.. The diagnosis of the disease is confirm with detailed epidemiological diagnosis, clinical presentation and laboratory findings, of which blood culture is the gold standard of diagnosis, which we have proven in a study conducted on 23 patient samples from Clinic for the Infectious Deseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljević" in the period 2007-2018 year. Looking at the data from Bosnia and Herzegovina , we concluded that brucellosis is a major public health problem and possibe source of infection to the surrounding counrries , while ECDC data indicate that the Mediterranean countries have the highest number of reported cases of brucellosis. The treatman is long-lasting and aims to prevent the development of complications. As a biological weapon , it can be used on humans and animals. The bacterium is highly contagious, an estimated 10-100 bacteria was enought to create an infectious aerosol. Its advantage is that it can survive in the enviroment for up to 2 years in certain conditions, can be easily grown , transported and sprayed with an aerosol , making it an ideal pathogen in bioterrorisam. Although the mortality of the disease is low, other facts such as long-term incubation of the disease and diagnosis the is not easy to make are the reasons why the disease of this causative agent should not be underestimated as potential bioterroristic weapon.