Title Određivanje aktivnih komponenti u ulju konoplje
Title (english) Determination of active components in hemp oil
Author Paulina Mijanović
Mentor Barbara Soldo (mentor)
Committee member Snježana Štambuk (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Ivica Ljubenkov (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Barbara Soldo (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Split University Department of Forensic Sciences Split
Defense date and country 2024-06-06, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline NATURAL SCIENCES Chemistry
Abstract Cilj: Proizvodi koji sadrže kanabidiol (CBD) su trenutačno veoma popularni.
Konzumiraju se u različite svrhe, a mogu imati blagotvorni učinak na neka zdravstvena stanja. Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati sastav komercijalno dostupnih CBD proizvoda u obliku ulja i pasti, te dva dostupna HHC ulja. Ovaj rad imao je za cilj odrediti koncentraciju i udio sljedećih kanabinoida: CBD, CBDA, CBN, THC te HHC, a usporedbom dobivenog udjela kanabinoida s onima navedenim na deklaraciji proizvoda dobili smo uvid u ispravnost popratnih deklaracija.
Metode: Proizvodi od CBD-a ( 20 ulja i 11 pasti) i dva HHC ulja kupljeni su u lokalnim specijaliziranim CBD trgovinama ili putem online trgovine u Hrvatskoj i Sloveniji. Koncentracije CBD, CBDA, CBN, THC i HHC-a su kvantificirane u CBD uljima i pastama, te HHC uljima pomoću tekućinske kromatografije visoke djelotvornosti s UV/VIS detektorom (HPLC-UV/VIS). S napomenom da je koncentracija HHC iskazana preko koncentracije THC, jer HHC standard nismo posjedovali.
Rezultati: U više od polovica analiziranih CBD ulja (64%) i 80% CBD pasti zabilježena je prisutnost CBDA, dok je prisutnost CBN zabilježena samo u tragovima u manje od 10% uzoraka ulja i 36% uzoraka pasti. Provedena analiza pokazala je veliko odstupanje u sadržaju CBD-a u CBD uljima od onoga koje je navedeno na popratnoj deklaraciji proizvoda. U gotovo svim ispitanim uzorcima CBD ulja, udio CBD-a bio je niži od polovice naznačenog udjela na deklaraciji. Kod CBD pasti provedena analiza je potvrdila da je u gotovo 30% uzoraka pravilno deklariran udio CBD-a, a s tim da je sadržaj CBD-a u jednom uzorku bio veći za 7% od navedenog na deklaraciji. Ostali uzorci paste sadržavali su oko 50% niže udjele CBD-a. Prisutnost THC-a u većem udjelu od dopuštenoga 0,2% nismo utvrdili u analiziranim CBD uljima i pastama kao i HHC uljima. Analiza HHC ulja pokazala je da i kod ovih proizvoda udio aktivne tvari niži od navedene deklaracijom.
Zaključci: Izneseni podaci ukazuju da većina ulja i paste industrijske konoplje, koji su dostupni na tržištu su neispravno deklarirani i stoga predstavljaju potencijalni rizik za ljudsko zdravlje. Rezultati ovog istraživanja jasno ukazuju na potrebu za učestalijim analizama ovih proizvoda od strane akreditiranih laboratorija kako bi se zaštitilo potrošače i omogućili ispravniji uvid na stanje tržišta ovih sve popularnijih dodataka prehrani.
Abstract (english) Aim:Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) are currently very popular. They are consumed for various purposes, and can have a beneficial effect on some health conditions. The aim of this work was to investigate the composition of commercially available CBD products in the form of oils and pastes as well as two available HHC oils. The aim of this work was to determine the concentration and proportion of the following cannabinoids: CBD, CBDA, CBN, THC and HHC. By comparing the percentage of cannabinoids determined with the cannabioids listed in the product declaration, we were able to gain an insight into accuracy of the accompanying declarations.
Methods: CBD products (20 oils and 11 pastes) and two HHC oils were purchased in local specialized CBD stores or online stores in Croatia and Slovenia. CBD, CBDA, CBN, THC and HHC concentrations were quantified in CBD oils and pastes, and HHC oils using high performance liquid chromatography with a UV/VIS detector (HPLC-UV/VIS). Note that the concentration of HHC is expressed above the THC concentracion as we did not have an HHC standard available.
Results: CBDA was detected in more than half of the CBD oils (64%) and (80%) of the CBD pastes tested, while CBN was only present in traces in less than 10% of the oil samples and 36% of the paste samples. The analysis revealed a large deviation of the CBD content in CBD oils from the information on the accompanying product declaration. In almost all of the CBD oil samples tested, the CBD content was less than half of that stated on the declaration. In the case of CBD pastes, the analysis carried out confirmed that the CBD content was correctly declared in almost 30% of the samples, whereby the CBD content is one sample was 7% higher than stated on the declaration. Other paste samples contained a CBD content that was around 50% lower. In the CBD oil and pastes tested, as well as in the HHC oils, we were unable to detect THC in higher proportion than the permited 0,2%. The analysis of HHC oil showed that the čproportion of the active ingredient in these products is also lower than stated in the declaration.
Conclusions: The data presented show that the majority of industrial hemp oils and pastes available on the market are mislabeled and therefore pose a potential risk to human health. The results of this investigation clearly show that these products need to be analyzed more frequently by accredited laboratories in order to protect consumers and gain a more accurate insight into the market situation of these increasingly popular dietary supplements.
Keywords
CBD ulja i paste
HHC ulja
CBDA
CBN
THC
deklaracija prizvoda
Keywords (english)
CBD oils and pastes
HHC oils
CBDA
CBN
THC
product declaration
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:227:265333
Study programme Title: Forensic Sciences Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni magistar/sveučilišna magistra forenzike (sveučilišni magistar/sveučilišna magistra forenzike)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Embargoed access Embargo expiration date: 2024-12-06
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Created on 2024-10-05 11:45:23